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A Single Fruit Contains All Four Natures

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The renowned Qur'anic commentator and physician Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, who lived in the 6th century AH, mentioned in his Qur'anic commentary, while presenting evidence for the existence of the Creator, Glorified and Exalted be He, that the citron and the grape contain combinations of the four natures within their different parts. He cited the verse:

﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوَى يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَمُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الْحَيِّ ذَلِكُمُ اللَّهُ فَأَنَّى تُؤْفَكُونَ﴾ [الأنعام: ٩٥]

He wrote:

"Fourthly: You may find the four natures present within a single fruit. The peel of the citron is hot and dry, its flesh is cold and wet, its sour pulp is cold and dry, and its seeds are hot and dry.

Likewise, the grape: its skin and seeds are cold and dry, while its juice and flesh are hot and wet.

The coming together of these opposing natures and contrasting properties from a single seed can only be brought about by the action of the Creator, Who acts by His own Will."

He also said:

"As for your body, know that it is a substance composed of the four humors."

Explanation of the Words of Allah:

إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ﴾ وَالنَّوَى﴿

According to Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī

According to Al-Baḥr al-Muḥīṭ by Abū Ḥayyān al-Andalusī

The eminent Qur'anic commentator Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf, known as Abū Ḥayyān al-Gharnāṭī al-Andalusī, who lived in the 7th century AH, states in his Qur'anic commentary, Al-Baḥr al-Muḥīṭ, that the four humors—blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile—are generated from food. This is in his commentary on Allah's saying in Sūrat Ṭā Hā:

﴿مِنْهَا خَلَقْنَاكُمْ﴾

He writes:

"It was also said: from the foods that are produced from the earth, indicating that the humors from which the human being is generated are themselves produced from them."

The Interpretation of Allah's Saying:
 

﴾مِنْهَا خَلَقْنَاكُمْ﴿


in Al-Baḥr al-Muḥīṭ

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